Migrations

Introduction

Migrations are version-controlled schema changes for your database. In JCC Express MVC, migrations are generated and executed through artisanNode.

Migration files live in database/migrations.

Generate a migration

This creates a timestamped migration file in database/migrations.

You can also generate queue-related tables:

Typical migration structure

A migration defines schema changes in up/down style methods (depending on your migration template in this project).

Common operations include:

• creating tables
• adding/removing columns
• indexes/constraints
• dropping tables

Keep each migration focused on one schema change.

Migration schema examples

Create table schema

Foreign keys and composite unique

Alter existing table

Common schema helpers seen in the current codebase:

• id()
• string()
• text()
• longText()
• integer(), smallInteger(), unsignedBigInteger()
• boolean()
• json()
• date()
• timestamps()
• softDeletes()
• foreignId(...).references(...).on(...)
• foreign(...).references(...).on(...)
• compositeUnique(columns, indexName)

Full migration API (current source)

This list is taken from the current implementation in:

• jcc-express-mvc/lib/Jcc-eloquent/lib/Schema/index.ts
• jcc-express-mvc/lib/Jcc-eloquent/lib/Schema/BluePrint/index.ts

Schema methods

• create(tableName, callback)
• table(tableName, callback)
• dropTable(tableName)
• dropIfExists(tableName)
• truncate(tableName)
• drop(tableName)
• rename(from, to)
• hasTable(tableName)
• hasColumn(tableName, columnName)

Blueprint column types

• id()
• unsignedBigInteger(column)
• string(column, length?)
• integer(column)
• bigInteger(column)
• tinyInteger(column, size?)
• smallInteger(column)
• mediumInteger(column)
• unsignedSmallInteger(column)
• unsignedMediumInteger(column)
• unsignedInteger(column)
• unsignedTinyInteger(column)
• char(column, length?)
• text(column)
• mediumText(column)
• longText(column)
• tinyText(column)
• binary(column, size?)
• blob(column)
• tinyBlob(column)
• mediumBlob(column)
• longBlob(column)
• dateTime(column)
• date(column)
• timestamp(column)
• time(column)
• year(column)
• enum(column, values?)
• boolean(column, defaultValue?)
• float(column, total?, places?)
• double(column, total?, places?)
• decimal(column, total?, places?)
• json(column)
• jsonb(column)
• uuid(column)
• set(column, values?)
• foreignId(column)
• uuidPrimaryKey(column?)
• ulid(column)
• ulidPrimaryKey(column?)
• ipAddress(column)
• macAddress(column)
• geometry(column)
• point(column)
• polygon(column)
• lineString(column)

Blueprint relationships and morphs

• foreign(column)
• references(column)
• on(table)
• foreignIdFor(model, column?, table?)
• constrained(table, column?)
• morphs(column)
• nullableMorphs(column)
• uuidMorphs(column)
• nullableUuidMorphs(column)
• dropMorphs(column)

Blueprint modifiers and column controls

• default(value)
• nullable()
• unique()
• change()
• after(column)
• first()
• autoIncrement()
• unsigned()
• useCurrent()
• useCurrentOnUpdate()
• storedAs(expression)
• virtualAs(expression)
• charset(charset)
• collation(collation)
• check(expression)
• renameColumn(from, to)
• dropColumns(...columns)

Blueprint indexes and constraints

• index(indexNameOrColumns?)
• dropIndex(indexName)
• dropUnique(indexName)
• dropForeign(indexName)
• dropPrimary()
• fulltext(columns)
• spatialIndex(columns)
• compositeIndex(columns, indexName?)
• compositeUnique(columns, indexName?)

Blueprint timestamps, soft deletes, and token helpers

• timestamps(createdAt?, updatedAt?)
• nullableTimestamps()
• softDeletes(column?)
• dropTimestamps()
• dropSoftDeletes(column?)
• rememberToken()
• dropRememberToken()

Blueprint table-level options

• engine(engine)
• tableCharset(charset)
• tableCollation(collation)
• comment(comment)
• temporary()
• toSQL(actionType?, tableName)

Foreign key action helpers

• cascade()
• onDelete(action?)
• onUpdate(action?)
• cascadeOnDelete()
• cascadeOnUpdate()

Run migrations

Runs all pending migrations.

Rollback and reset

• migrate:rollback -> rolls back the last batch (or given steps)
• migrate:reset -> rolls back all migrations
• migrate:fresh -> drops all tables, then reruns migrations

Best practices

• Keep migrations small and reviewable.
• Never edit old migrations that already ran in shared environments; add a new migration instead.
• Test rollback paths for critical schema changes.
• Run migrations in CI/CD before app starts serving traffic.

Summary

• Generate with make:migration.
• Apply with migrate.
• Revert with rollback/reset/fresh commands.
• Keep migration history append-only and environment-safe.